Level 1 (A1.1 — Beginner Start)

• Present Simple (affirmative, negative, questions)

• Verb to be (am, is, are)

• Have / have got

• There is / there are

• Articles (a, an, the)

• Plural nouns (regular, irregular)

• Possessive ’s

• Demonstratives (this, that, these, those)

• Subject pronouns, object pronouns

• Possessive adjectives (my, your, his…)

• Basic prepositions of place and time (in, on, at, under, behind…)

• Can / can’t (ability, permission)

• Imperatives (Sit down! Don’t open the door!)

• Present Continuous (actions now)

• Basic question words (who, what, where, when, how)

• Some / any

• Countable / uncountable nouns (a bottle of water, some rice)

• Simple adjectives + word order (a big red car)

• Past Simple (regular, irregular verbs)

• Past Continuous (actions in progress in the past)

• Future forms: going to (plans), will (decisions, predictions)

• Comparatives and superlatives (bigger, the biggest)

• Too / enough

• Quantifiers (much, many, a lot of, few, little, some, any, none)

• Adverbs of frequency (always, often, never)

• Object pronouns & reflexive pronouns

• Like / love / hate + -ing

• Would like to…

• Present Perfect (ever/never, just, already, yet) — на базовому рівні

• Modal verbs (must, have to, should, could)

• Prepositions of movement / direction (into, out of, across, along…)

• Linking words (and, but, because, so, then, before, after, when)

• How much / How many / How often

• Comparing actions with as…as / not as…as

• Basic phrasal verbs (get up, turn on, look for, put on)

• Present Perfect Simple vs. Continuous

• Past Perfect (I had done…)

• Future forms: will, going to, Present Continuous for future, Future Continuous, Future Perfect

• Modal verbs for deduction (must, might, can’t)

• Modal verbs in the past (should have, could have, might have)

• Conditionals:
• Zero conditional (If you heat water, it boils)
• First conditional (If it rains, I’ll stay home)
• Second conditional (If I were rich, I would…)

• Wish / If only (I wish I had more time)

• Reported speech (He said that…)

• Passive voice (present, past, future)

• Relative clauses (who, which, that, where, whose)

• Gerunds and infinitives (stop doing vs. stop to do)

• Indirect questions (Could you tell me where…?)

• Adjective + preposition (good at, interested in)

• Noun + preposition (a reason for, an advantage of)

• Cleft sentences for emphasis (It was John who called me) — оглядово

• Word formation (happy → happiness, decide → decision)

• More phrasal verbs (give up, look after, run out of, take off)

• Discourse markers (however, although, in addition, on the other hand)

• Tenses review & contrast (Past Simple vs. Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect; Present Perfect vs. Past Simple)

• Future Continuous & Future Perfect (By this time next year, I will have finished…)

• Conditionals (0, 1, 2, 3) та mixed conditionals

• Inversion in conditionals (Had I known…, Were I to…)

• Wish / If only (I wish I hadn’t said that)

• Reported speech (all tenses, questions, commands)

• Passive voice (all tenses, passive with modals, it is said that…)

• Causative have/get (I had my car repaired)

• Relative clauses (defining, non-defining, reduced)

• Nominal clauses (That-clauses, Wh-clauses)

• Gerunds vs. infinitives (difficult cases: stop to do / stop doing)

• Verb + preposition patterns (apologize for, succeed in…)

• Complex noun phrases (the man sitting over there…)

• Participle clauses (Having finished…, Built in 2005…)

• Adjective / adverb clauses (wherever, whenever, although…)

• Comparatives with emphasis (far better, much more interesting)

• Linkers of contrast, cause, result, purpose (despite, due to, therefore, in order to)

• Advanced phrasal verbs (carry out, put up with, look forward to)

• Word formation & affixes (prefixes, suffixes, noun/verb/adjective transformation)

• Advanced tense usage (narrative tenses, shifts for effect)

• Complex passive structures (It is believed that…, She is said to…)

• Advanced conditionals (inversion, mixed, alternatives like supposing, provided that)

• Subjunctive mood (It’s vital that he be present)

• Complex reported speech (reporting verbs: suggest, recommend, deny, admit, advise…)

• Nominalization (Turning verbs/adjectives into nouns for formal style: decide → decision)

• Ellipsis and substitution (so do I, neither do I, nor does she)

• Emphasis and inversion (Never have I seen…, Only after…)

• Discourse markers (nevertheless, notwithstanding, in contrast, conversely)

• Advanced relative clauses & reduced clauses

• Non-finite verb forms (perfect infinitive, passive infinitive, perfect gerund)

• Complex prepositional phrases (with regard to, in terms of, by virtue of)

• Idiomatic structures (It’s (high) time…, I’d rather…, As if/though…)

• Cleft and pseudo-cleft sentences (What I need is…, It was her who…)

• Register awareness (formal vs. informal grammar choices)

• Nuanced tense use (stylistic shifts, literary narrative techniques)

• Full mastery of aspect & modality (epistemic vs. deontic modality: He must be tired vs. You must finish)

• Complex inversion & fronting (Hardly had I…, Little did he know…)

• Advanced ellipsis and substitution (omitting words for style and cohesion)

• High-level nominalization & compression (academic/scientific register)

• Stylistic variation (using grammar for rhetorical effect, irony, persuasion)

• Pragmatic grammar (hedging: It seems that…, It might be argued that…)

• Multiple clause embedding (sentences with 3–4 levels of subordination)

• Complex discourse organization (balancing cohesion & conciseness)

• Mastery of phrasal verbs & idiomatic grammar (e.g. phrasal-prepositional verbs: put up with, look forward to)

• Grammar for emphasis (What concerns me is…, The reason why… is that…)

• Near-native command of register switching (academic, casual, poetic, journalistic)

• Creative grammar bending (deliberate rule-breaking for stylistic or literary purposes)

📊 Граматика англійської від A1 до C2